Uncommon Ground - a workshop on actively listening to different and difficult opinions

Preamble

The world seems to be getting more and more polarised, with echo chambers both online and in real life, and people getting less and less inclined to listen to each other. And many of us are suffering deep distress due to conflicts with friends or family members over differences of opinion. It’s getting more and more common to “go no contact” even with close family. There must be a better way! We often have the urge to try and change other people’s minds. But we will rarely change our minds on the basis of being told we are wrong! If minds are to change, it will happen inside a secure, mutually respectful friendship, and this starts with listening; with genuine curiosity. The workshop was intended as a space for people to practise listening to each other even when it is difficult, and also, to “try on” other opinions so as to gain insight and empathy into how it feels to have different points of view.

Structure of the workshop

  1. Check-in.
  2. Introduction to the “tips and tricks” listed below.
  3. A brief breathing and grounding exercise to help us relax and become aware of any feelings we have going into the exercise.
  4. Get into pairs. One of each pair is the Speaker and the other the Listener.
  5. Each Speaker thinks of an opinion they hold which they think might be controversial but which they are willing to express. The idea is for them to go as far as they are willing to go outside their comfort zone, but not feel obliged to go further.
  6. For ten minutes the Speaker talks to the Listener about their chosen opinion and the Listener asks questions, using the suggestions below to ensure that they are asking the kind of questions that encourage the speaker to open up and give information, rather than feel judged or defensive. If the Speaker does feel judged they are invited to state “I feel judged” and then the Listener is required to change tack and come up with another question. The Listener is invited to remember (or write down) as much as they can of what they hear.
  7. A second brief breathing and grounding exercise to help us relax, focus on what we've listened to, focus on how we will assume to role of speaker, and become aware of any feelings we have going into the next stage of the exercise.
  8. Each Listener then picks a new partner and spends 5 minutes relaying the opinion that they heard from the previous Speaker to the new partner. They do not just describe it, but rather they embody it; by speaking in the first person and expressing the opinion as if it is their own.
  9. Steps 3-7 are then repeated so that those who were Speakers in the first round become Listeners, and everyone gets a chance to express their own opinion, to listen to that of another and to experience taking on the other opinion as their own.

Tips and tricks

These are not rules, but just ideas! It’s just a place to start. Use the ones that work for you, experiment with others and if you have some of your own to add, go for it! (In the examples below, I’ve tried to pick a range of controversial opinions. Don’t read too much into that - I’m just using them to demonstrate the kinds of questions you can ask!)

Be aware of your feelings

You can’t turn off your feelings, and it is normal to feel anger, fear, frustration, etc when talking to someone you disagree with. The trick is not to deny these feelings but stay aware of them, to note them, and make a conscious decision not to act on them right now, while acknowledging their presence.

Get clarity

Avoid misunderstanding and get a good grasp of what the other person really thinks, by asking questions such as:

Repeat back

To be sure you’ve understood, try repeating back to the Speaker to check you got it right:

(This one can be tricky, as you don’t want to sound incredulous or like you are ridiculing them, so take care of the tone of voice you use.)

If you can, ask positive questions

Positive questions give the person a chance to show their passion and enthusiasm for the topic. Experiencing positive emotions changes people’s brain chemistry and pheromones and will give the whole interaction a lift! Use positive words like “favourite”, “best”, “like”, “enjoy”, “happy”, “good”:

Sometimes it’s hard to think of a positive question, so don’t worry if one doesn’t come.

Ask practical questions

Practical questions are not about emotions or judgements, but just about facts - where have you been, what have you done:

Of course, practical questions can open up space for positive ones. (What was your favourite thing about the protests? What’s the last thing you did in the group that you really liked? etc)

Avoid asking “why”

Asking why questions can appear very challenging and judgemental and can turn the conversation into a conflict. Sometimes, we want to ask why out of genuine curiosity, but I would still suggest avoiding it because it is so easily misunderstood. Instead. Go for other “wh” words:

Get some history

Questions about how the person came to believe the thing, can help to understand it in the context of them as a human being.

Feedback and ideas for improvement

Many attendees gave us feedback after the session, which we will incorporate into future sessions:

Taking it into the world

The techniques we practised in this workshop are not original and we don’t own them, so if you want to run a workshop like it yourself, please go ahead! It is a great way to give people a chance to practise these difficult skills in a safe way.

But the ultimate point of it is to go forth and use them in real life when you are actually faced with someone stating an opinion that frightens or angers you.

Go easy on yourself, don’t expect too much - it will take practice!

It might help to treat it like a game. You could give yourself two points for asking a positive question and one point for a practical question. And double points if the other person’s opinion is really awful! See if you can improve your score week on week …

Uncommon Ground workshop idea by Naomi Rosenberg and Mike Harris - (c) copyleft 2025 under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International licence